Heritage and Cultural Tourism Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Heritage and Cultural Tourism Management - Essay Example Early day’s travelers used to walk or rode on domestic animals. Due to technological improvement travelling becomes very easy and much faster with the help of introduction of different vehicles. Roads are improved, governments are established, different purposes for travelling are coming towards the human race, such as educational purposes, religious purposes etc. In this context, it has been argued that, â€Å"tourism is a collection of activities, services and industry that delivers a travel experience, including transportation, accommodations, eating and drinking establishments, retail shops, entertainment business, activity facilities and other hospitality services provided for individuals or groups traveling away from home† (Introduction- what is tourism, n.d.). Tourism has some dimensions like attraction, which is the primary motivation for travelling. Mode of attraction could be of any type, such as natural resources, cultural and historical aspects, entertainmen t and ethnicity. Facilities is the another dimension that acts in favour of travelling, which includes lodging, foods, support services, infrastructure etc. Then transportation, hospitality are the remaining two. At present cultural heritage sites are becoming the attractive tourist spots as the mode of intention for travelling changes. So now among the tourism industry cultural and heritage tourism industry is in the booming stage (Introduction- what is tourism, n.d.). This paper is aimed at providing an analytical perspective of various heritage and cultural tourism places across the globe. The paper thus discusses about the growth and development aspects of these places. Task 1: Understand the growth and development of the heritage and cultural industry within travel and tourism: LO (1.1): Heritage Tourism Location: Heritage is the practice or a tradition, which comes from one generation to another. Heritage locations are those locations which represents country’s historic al, scientific and heritage offerings associated with entire community. Heritage locations are appearing to gain an enormous acceptance as a part of tourism and a source of attraction. Heritage tourism is a travelling experience of the places and activities which conveys the story of the people from the past. These places reveal much information about the famous historical characters and events. It includes historical sites, archeological sites, war and battle sites and old structures etc. as heritage tourism products. Heritage locations help for making a strong bonding between the host who provides the quality heritage experiences and the guests who enjoys those experiences. These kinds of activities are very important for describing the quality of life of and for the community (Edgell, 2006, p.62). Cultural Tourism Location: For the purpose of understanding the Cultural tourism locations we have to understand culture because cultural locations tell about the cultural aspects of a particular community. â€Å"Culture is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the member of one category people from another† (What is culture?, 2012). Culture speaks about the patterns of some kind of symbols consisted of various achievements of cultural groups. A cultural location tells about the various cultural aspects of the societies and the communities prevailing in the concerned area. The cultural and heritage tourism includes wide ranges of strategies and services. These strategies and se

Catcher In The Rye Essay Example for Free

Catcher In The Rye Essay A journey is more than a physical movement from one place to another. All journeys no matter how arduous entail setbacks and barriers that must be met. In doing so the traveller experiences a more significant inner journey of self growth. This is evident in the journey from adolescence to adulthood during which setbacks and barriers may entail a loss of innocence. J. D Salinger’s novel the Catcher in the rye explores this concept through various literary techniques. ( thesis) Loss of innocence as a major issue within the concept of a rites of passage is explored by J. D Salinger through the protagonist Holden Caulfield. His journey appears to be one self destructive act after another. This adult world into which Holden is forced into disturbs him profoundly. In his view, the adults who dwell this world, seem to be filled with phoniness, pretence and social compromise. He finds it almost intolerable to communicate with most adults and peers. This is prevalent throughout the book when he constantly brings up the question of what happens to the ducks in winter. The adults’ response to this recurring question is of contemn and expectation to know the answer, therefore never giving him an adequate explanation. This clearly demonstrates how his innocent mind conflicts with this phony adult world, and his response, is to rebel against this whole society. â€Å" quote† Holden expresses his rebellion through his inability to progress in life and his hatred of people. It is really only in children that he sees the true simplicity of honesty- and that is his escape from this adult phony world. Salinger portrays the transition from adolescence to adulthood as a quest for self identity and self discovery. For Holden however, his journey is a bombardment of obstacles in his search for connection with others, thus highlighting the angst of growing up. Holden finally breaks down with the constant disappointments and let downs he encounters. â€Å"quote ans technique† From his fight with Stradlater to Maurice’s exploitation of a prostitute, to Mr Antolini’s behaviour, Holden just cannot handle any more letdowns so his odyssey is one of loneliness and cynicism. An example of this is when Holden abruptly gives Sally an ultimatum to leave their current lives behind and build a future without the promise of stability. Sally’s refusal to this proposal results in Holden lashing out at her hence elucidating Holden’s naivety. And, just like a kid, he thinks that everyone is to blame except for him. The inability to meet setbacks and barriers and accept a loss of innocence within the jouney from adolescence to adulthood will inevitably lead to ones downfall. The deliberate irony is that Holden strives to act as a grown up but constantly acts like a child is seen in his provocation of his peers and his irrational thinking. â€Å"quote † The title of the book, â€Å"Catcher in the Rye,† is more than just a pretty ditty. It is Holden’s dream to be the catcher in the rye, thus save little children from falling off the cliff into adulthood. Anyway, I keep picturing all these little kids playing some game in this big field of rye and all. Thousands of little kids, and nobodys aroundnobody big, I meanexcept me. And Im standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliffI mean if theyre running and they dont look where theyre going. I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. Thats all Id do all day. Id just be the catcher in the rye and all. I know its crazy, but thats the only thing Id really like to be. Holden is adamant on playing the adult role of protecting children and their innocence that gets lost in the adult phony world. He envisions protecting and shielding children from the evils of society, when he himself is one who is in a state of conflict between adolescence and adulthood. However, it is through the telling of his story that Holden eventually gains control of his disturbed past. His search for self identity and discovery can be seen as a search for tolerance, acceptance and understanding- something that he finally experiences in the final scene with Phoebe riding the carrousel. When he see’s Phoebe on the carrousel, he accepts that he is not a child anymore indicating that he is perhaps more accepting of change. Towards the end, Holden has found some wisdom when he claims to â€Å"sort of miss everyone. † There was some light for him at the end of the tunnel- and that light is hope and acceptance that he doesn’t live in such an evil world that he made out to be. Holden wants desperately to protect this idealistic life but perhaps he realises at the end that it is not possible and that maturity is a means of accepting what life throws at one. How he deals with obstacles along the way conveys Holden’s journey from adolescence into adulthood.

Neuroscience and the Theory of Multiple Intelligences Essays -- Biolog

Connections Between Neuroscience and the Theory of Multiple Intelligences: Implications for Education The old paradigm of students as empty vessels waiting to be filled with knowledge has given way to the constructivist belief that students continuously build understandings based on their prior experiences and information. The idea of a fixed intelligence has given way to a more flexible perception of gradual intellectual development dependent on external stimulation (6) Our intelligence, therefore, is our singular, collective ability to act and react in an everchanging world (1) In my first two web papers I researched two defined disorders, ADHD and Autism, following a train of thought which began with a question: given that the apparent bottom line concerning the human nervous system is that each of us is unique in our neural patterns, where do we draw the line between defining something as a disorder versus simply a difference? This has led me to think more generally about the notion of human variability, particularly with regards to learning abilities and intellectual achievement. I believe that our society has too narrowly defined these phrases, with the negative result that people who do not learn or achieve within these proscribed boundaries are considered lacking. This is true even with regards to the earliest days of schooling, and is reflected in traditional methods used to teach children. The ultimate, destructive result is that children who fall outside our educational protocols are at risk for feeling useless, worthless and unappreciated. Recent decades have seen a dramatic rise in our understanding of the neurobiology behind the way the brain works. The common denominator in brain research is variability... ...m the 21st Century Learning Initiative http://www.newhorizons.org/ofc_21clicaine.html 13)Principles of Multiple Intelligence Theory by J. Keith Rogers http://www.harding.edu/USER/cbr/WWW/midemo/prin.html 14)The Theory of Multiple Intelligences http://www.cogs.susx.ac.uk/users/zahraar/mil.htm 15)Matters of Style by Richard M. Felder http://www2.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/Papers/LS-Pri%20sm.htm 16)An Interview with Howard Gardner by Ronnie Durie http://www.newhorizons.org/trm_duriemi.html Other Sources: Armstrong, Thomas. Multiple Intelligences in the Classroom. Virginia: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1994. Delcomyn, Fred. Foundations of Neurobiology. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company, 1998. Gardner, Howard. Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. New York: Basic Books, Inc., 1983.

Implementation of Risc Processor in Fpga Using Verilog Essay

Reduced instruction-set computers (RISC) are designed to have a small set of instructions that execute in short clock cycles, with a small number of cycles per instruction. RISC machines are optimized to achieve efficient pipelining of their instruction streams. The machine also serves as a starting point for developing architectural variants and a more robust instruction set Designers make high-level tradeoffs in selecting an architecture that serves an application. Once architecture has been selected, a circuit that has sufficient performance (speed) must be synthesized. Hardware description languages (HDLs) play a key role in this process by modeling the system and serving as a descriptive medium that can be used by a synthesis tool. 2. RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) The nature of RISC architecture and semiconductors rapid technical improvements, RISC embedded platforms have become the best choice for embedded applications. RISC performance characteristics: Power Critical Battery powered and typically less than 2 Watts of power consumption for a whole SBC using an ARM processor, compared to around 15+ Watts for a x86-based SBC. Space Critical With a low power solution, the main system can fit into very compact space, eliminating heat dissipation concerns. Environmental Critical Because of the lack of heat generation, the RISC system can be fully enclosed for total protection from the environment Cost Critical RISC embedded solutions usually come with application-oriented processors that provide a lower cost of ownership because of faster time to market, less development risk and greater overall added value. Typical RISC applications: †¢ Industrial mobile platforms †¢ Touch based Human Machine Interface (HMI) †¢ Point of information (POI) or Point of Scales (POS) †¢ In vehicle – Telemetric †¢ Data collector †¢ Security controller 2.1 STEPS INVOLVED IN THE PROJECT 3. 3. Architecture of RISC Stored Program Machine [pic] The machine consists of three functional units: †¢ Processor †¢ Controller †¢ Memory Program instructions and data are stored in memory. In program-directed operation, instructions are fetched synchronously from memory, decoded, and executed to âž ¢ operate on data within the arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) âž ¢ change the contents of storage registers âž ¢ change the contents of the program counter (PC), instruction register (IR) and the address register (ADD_R) âž ¢ change the contents of memory, âž ¢ Retrieve data and instructions from memory control the movement of data on the system busses. The instruction register contains the instruction that is currently being executed. The program counter contains the address of the next instruction to be executed and the address register holds the address of the memory location that will be addressed next by a read or write operation 3.1 RISC_SPM: Processor The processor includes registers, datapaths, control lines, and an ALU capable of performing arithmetic and logic operations on its operands, subject to the opcode held in the instruction register. A multiplexer Mux_l, determines the source of data for Bus_l, and a second mux, Mux_2, determines the source of data for Bus_2. The input datapaths to Mux_l are from four internal general-purpose registers (RO, Rl, R2, R3), and from the Pc. The contents of Bus_l can be steered to the ALU, to memory, or to Bus_2 (via Mux_2). The input datapaths to Mux_2 are from the ALU, Mux_l, and the memory unit. Thus, an instruction can be fetched from memory, placed on Bus_2, and loaded into the instruction register. A word of data can be fetched from memory, and steered to a general-purpose register or to the operand register (Reg_Y) prior to an operation of the ALU. The result of an ALU operation can be placed on Bus_2, loaded into a register, and subsequently transferred to memory. A dedicated register (Reg_Z) holds a flag indicating that the result of an ALU operation is 0. 3.2 RISC_SPM: Controller The timing of all activity is determined by the controller. The controller must steer data to the proper destination, according to the instruction being executed. Thus, the design of the controller is strongly dependent on the specification of the machine’s ALU and datapath resources and the clocking scheme available. Here a single clock is used, and execution of an instruction is initiated on a single edge of the clock (the rising edge). The controller monitors the state of the processing unit and the instruction to be executed and determines the value of the control signals. The controller’s input signals are the instruction word and the zero flag from the ALU. The signals produced by the controller are identified as follows: [pic] Thus the control unit âž ¢ determines when to load registers âž ¢ selects the path of data through the multiplexers âž ¢ determines when data should be written to memory âž ¢ Controls the three-state busses in the architecture. RISC SPM: Instruction Set The machine is controlled by a machine language program consisting of a set of instructions stored in memory. So, in addition to depending on the machine’s architecture, the design depends on the processor instruction set (i.e., the instructions that can be executed by a program). A machine language program consists of a stored sequence of 8-bit words (bytes). The format of an instruction of RISC_SPM can be long or short depending upon the operation. Short instructions have the format | opcode | source | destination | | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Each shot instruction requires one byte of memory. The word has a 4-bit opcode, a 2-bit source register address, and a 2-bit destination register address. Long instructions have the format | opcode | source | destination | | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Don’t |Don’t | | | | | | | |cares |cares | | address | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1` | 0 | 1 | A long instruction requires 2 bytes of memory. The first word of a long instruction contains a 4-bit opcode. The remaining 4 bits of the word can be used to specify the address of a pair of source and destination registers, depending on the instruction. The second word contains the address of the memory word that holds an operand required by the instruction. The instruction mnemonics and their actions are limited below. Single-Byte Instructions †¢ NOP: Here no operation is performed; all registers retain their values. The address of the source and destination registers is dint care’s, they have no effect. †¢ ADD: Adds the contents of the source and destination registers and stores the result into destination register. †¢ AND: Forms the bitwise-and of the contents of the source and destination registers and stores the result into the destination registers. †¢ NOT: Forms the bitwise-and of the contents of the source register and stores the result into the destination register. †¢ SUB: Subtracts the contents of the source register from destination register and stores the result into source register. Two-Byte Instructions †¢ RD: Fetches a memory word from the location specified by the second byte and loads the result into the destination register. The source register bits are don’t cares which means that they are unused. †¢ WR: Writes the contents of the source register to the word in memory specified by the address held in the second byte. The destination register bits are don’t cares which means that they are unused. †¢ BR: Branches the activity flow by loading the program counter with the word at the location (address) specified by the second byte of the instruction. The source register bits and the destination register bits are don’t cares which means that they are unused. †¢ BRZ: Branches the activity flow by loading the program counter with the word at the location (address) specified by the second byte of the instruction if zero flag register is asserted. The source register bits and the destination register bits are don’t cares which means that t hey are unused. Instruction set of RISC_SPM machine | Instruction | Instruction Word | Action | | | Opcode | Source | Destination | | | NOP | 0000 | | | None | | ADD | 0001 | src | dest | dest

Is the statutory ban against idling motor vehicle engines is helpful in improving the air quality of Hong Kong? Essay

Although the statutory ban against idling motor vehicle engines is helpful in improving the air quality of Hong Kong, there are some exemptions which cannot be avoided. For example : traffic jams occur and all the vehicles will remain stationary but have their engines on. This situation cannot apply to the ban because the drivers are forced to idle their cars and they are not willing to do that, so they are not considered to violate the law. Another exemption is that some vehicles need to keep their engines on in order to prevent the deterioration of their goods, such as vehicles which their owners sell their ice-cream and the engines are needed to turn on in order to provide the refrigerative function. Therefore, can we say that the ban is effective? In our group, we all agree that it is ineffective in lowering the API of Hong Kong because there are many exemptions in the ban and a lot of drivers can escape from the law. Furthermore, the sources of air pollutants are not only from the vehicles, but also from the operations of factories and power stations, so only establishing law to prevent the drivers from idling the motor vehicle engines is not enough to protect our living environment. We need to have other possible solutions to help meliorating the problem. In order to reduce the air pollutants emitted by the vehicles, we suggest installing a 3-way catalytic converter, which can oxidize carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide 2CO + O2 —> 2CO2, unburnt hydrocarbons to carbon dioxide and water CxH2x+2 + (3x+1)/2 O2 —> xCO2 + (x+1) H2O and reduce nitrogen oxides to nitrogen and oxygen 2NOx —?N2 ? xO2. Nevertheless, the catalytic converter cannot be used on leaded petrol vehicles because Lead will poison the catalyst such as Platinum inside the converter. Indeed, there are more possible solutions to solve the problem. Expanding the rail network or using public transports instead of private cars can also improve the air quality because the amount of cars used can be reduced and the emission of pollutants from cars can also be diminished. The usage of environment-friendly cars are also effective due to the use of electricity instead of hydrocarbons to provide fuels for motion, but these types of cars have a higher cost and inconvenient for charging the batteries frequently. Moreover, planting trees not only can help absorbing the excess carbon dioxide emitted from power stations or vehicles, this method can also help regulating the temperature because carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas which can cause global warming. To conclude, all people should have the responsibilities to take part in improving the air quality. The statutory ban is not sufficient to improve the air quality, so other methods which have mentioned before should be introduced. If people in Hong Kong can have more concern about our poor living environment, we are sure that they will contribute for improving it throughout their daily lives. We hope that people can pay more attention to this situation and thus Hong Kong’s API can be lowered

Analyse the ways in which different pre 1914 poets Essay Example

Analyse the ways in which different pre 1914 poets Essay Example Analyse the ways in which different pre 1914 poets Paper Analyse the ways in which different pre 1914 poets Paper Essay Topic: Poetry In this essay, I will be writing about how the relationships between the men and the women are. My main focus is on the relationships of love in all the poems from the pre 1914 poem clusters. All five poems comprises of including love and the mutual relationship between both the sexes. The themes used throughout the poems are associated with love, jealousy and wealth. These are the three main causes of destruction of ones life. It can pressurize you to do anything. For example, in My Last Duchess the duke kills the duchess for personal gains and the cause of her death was the dukes jealousy of the duchess talking with other men joyfully. Also, in The Highway Man they show how the wife sacrifices her life to save her husbands life, this is because of their relationship of marriage, romance and love. When we read the five poems, we gather that the poems all have different motifs of the relationships in the poems. The authors use language techniques to deliver the impact and emphasis of the poem to the reader such as by using ellipses to create dramatic effects, repetition to render emphasis on the word and imagery to produce a vivid image for the reader to visualize the story. They all differ from each other in many ways. All the poems use different word selections and all the poems use different settings of places. All the poems have different attitudes towards how the characters portray hate on the basis for their own love or gain, for example, The Laboratory, the lady in the poem is preparing a potion to kill her husbands relationship with another woman or lovers affair with another woman to show how much she is possessive about her husband or lover. There is no reference in the poem to as to she is referring to her husband or lover. In the era of which these poems were written, men were thought to be superior and women were treated no more than merely being house wives. In some of the poems such as The Laboratory the woman is killing another woman to save her own life from being destructed and this issue is all because of her husband or lover. The common relationships between the poems are of how all of the poems involve romance in some form if tied in a relationship or not but however they are mystical, mythical or unrealistic. La Belle Dame Sans Merci shows a mystical woman and how the knight falls in love with her. All the poems have two to four characters included which of them two are the man and the woman who are in love or hate relationship and the others being jealous. My interpretation will be on My Last Duchess by Robert Browning and La Belle Dame Sans Merci by John Keats. Both titles may tell the reader what the poem is based on and what may happen. In the poem, My Last Duchess, the duke explains how she was his LAST duchess and what happened to her. Brownings poem is a dramatic monologue and the La Belle Dame Sans Merci being a ballad which is known for the end to be tragic in French meaning the beautiful woman with no mercy. This title shows us how there would be a good looking girl who used her beauty to entice the men. Ballads are poems that are usually sung in an orchestral manner and emphasises on stress lines. Dramatic monologues is like a speech made by one of the character. The main story of My Last Duchess in brief would be that there was a duke who had ordered his wife to be killed as he was not satisfied of her due to her exchanging smiles with other men. He felt unsecured and also jealous of her wife being so beautiful that she could attract other people and that the other men would look at her and compliment her. The core narrative in La Belle Dame Sans Merci was about an unknown woman who spoke another language and maybe mythical. The writer does not give us full details about the lady and the information given is vague and is left for the reader to complete her description. The knight meets this mysterious lady that captures him into her trap. Alone and palely loitering he is shown as being lonely and depressed throughout the poem and also fantasises in being in love with a faerys child. There are a lot of different ways to explore ideas in the two poems. The methods used in both of the poems are to define the settings to a limit in to where the characters of the poem can be introduced. In the first two stanzas of La Belle Dame Sans Merci, the poet describes the nature by the use of tame animals as no birds sing and the squirrels granary is full. Similarly, in My Last Duchess the first 10 lines starts informally with vivid and abrupt information about who the duchess was and who painted the portrait. Noticing that there is no reference of the word duke throughout the whole poem and he is only shown as husband, your master and sir. He does not call himself the duke and he uses his predominance with his royal word selection. Throughout the poem, in My Last Duchess, the duke shows him self as being a highly and bossy aristocrat. He dislikes his last duchess because she had a flirtatious nature and she was too soon made glad. He felt real timid in the sense of losing her. He did not appreciate her flirting with other men. The dukes attitude is exposed by the ellipses which show the emphasised dramatic pauses. He doesnt positively comment on the duchesss personality and only makes remarks on how her body figure is and how his favour at her breast was. This poem is spoken in 1st person with a silent listener. This shows that the duke was not fond of being interrupted between his talks and also he expected the listener to listen well. The duke emphasises on the painting as if it were a masterpiece drawn by a great artist. He also is very proud of nine-hundred-years-old name showing the different types of arts he had that he was loved arts of different eras and also getting it specially painted by a great artist who is unknown but told to the readers to be Fra` Pandolf. He places this hand painted picture behind the curtain. Before her death, she was smiling at every man that she saw, but now she is powered by the duke himself as to who sees the picture and who doesnt. I gave commands; then all smiles stopped together with his one order she is killed or locked up, and this is a matter that needs to be hidden as the law can suspect him fro murder. He was not scared of anyone because he had power and ego that would not stoop. He gets his servants in to Notice Neptune, though, taming a sea horse, Neptune being the Roman god of sea whose chariots are pulled by sea horses. The duke takes the women to be sea horses. Throughout the poem, the main theme is about jealousy. The duke being very ominous is very arrogant because of his status and power. Out of all the characters, he is at the top of the hierarchy and he also takes law in to his own hands without being ashamed of admitting his crime. This shows that he is in level with god to kill and take lives of people. The dukes relationship with the duchess was a divine bond of marriage which comprises of some mutual promises. As observed in the poem, he did not treat the duchess like his wife and only used her for a figure and femininity. He was too over protective over his wife because her looks went everywhere. The duke did not want to stoop in to wasting his time teaching his wife (s) what he expected them of and to what standards. The duke is also sceptical as he highlights that this is his last duchess. La Belle Dame Sans Merci is a folk ballad by John Keats. This ballad conveys a moral and a lot of repetition are used to create emphasis. In the first three stanzas there is not much details about the characters and sets the scene as where the event followed by happens. In the poem, lots of imagery is used to create prominence towards the dramatic effect. For example, cheeks a fading rose this line makes the reader visualise the fading pink in their minds. This tries to put the reader in to the book as they are included by imagery. This poem is left for the reader to understand and to allow them to use their imagination. This poem is read out in first person, and there is a silent listener. In the poem, there are many references to warning but it is left aside by the knight as he was captured in to the unknown ladys web. Her eyes were wild, made sweet moan and language strange shows us that she was weird and abnormal. It also shows how wild she was and the reader can maybe call her to be a vicious animal. In this poem, the relationship is controlled by the unknown lady. They have romance and the knight thought that she said I love thee true in a different language being fantasising until he is being made to sleep by the lady. The relationship between the unknown lady and this knight are formal and they are two strangers. They fall in love from the knights point of view. The person saying the poem could be the narrator or an imaginary person. They have no proper relationship between the two other than the romance they have between them. This poem conversely, with the other poem, shows that the woman had more power than the man in this poem because of her beauty and in My Last Duchess the man had more power because of his wealth and status. My Last Duchess being written in 1842, shows more new English than the La Belle Dame Sans Merci which is written in 1819 which is generally old English. Women were still unequal to men at those times and were thought as a mans possession and nothing more. They did not have much fame in this period of early pre 19th century poems. Robert browning had more experience in writing poems than John Keats as he died at the age of 26 and My Last Duchess was written where Browning was 30 years old. In the poem, My Last Duchess, there is a reference to his old name and he is proud of it. Hes been passed this wealth and status by his ancestors. In La Belle Dame Sans Merci, there is no context of historical background shown. In this era, the audience use to be interested in love and hate related poems. We can research that My Last Duchess was based in Italy as Ferrara was a city in the north of Italy and La Belle Dame Sans Merci being in France or Britain, because the title itself suggests it would be in France. Nearly all men at that era were centric as they had pride in themselves of being a man. The understanding of the knight is clear to the readers whereas the unknown eccentric lady who spoke another language was left half described and this was because Keats wanted the reader to use their imagination to create the other half. The language of the poems can suggest different states of mind. When we look at the language, we can tell around what year it was written in. The language used would not be written in these days. The formality in My Last Duchess can be seen clearly compared to La Belle Dame Sans Merci just by looking at the two poems side by side. There is language techniques used in both poems. In My Last Duchess, Browning uses vague language and also the language evidently shows how the duchess was killed because of her physical appearance and her flirtatious nature. The poet also includes verbal irony between the listener and the duke. In La Belle Dame Sans Merci, some old words are used such as sedge and woe betide which shows the language to be Victorian and to be in old English, whereas in comparison to the My Last Duchess, the poet uses words that are understandable in modern English. The structure of the poem is also important. The structure of My Last Duchess includes iambic pentameters for e. g. lines 1-2 from My Last Duchess. It also has a ABAB rhyming scheme throughout the whole poem. The structure of this poem being a dramatic monologue the speaker is telling the whole poem with a silent listener in the poem. There is more dramatic effect and we sympathize with the speaker as he is telling a story from his point of view. The structure of La Belle Dame Sans Merci uses a typical ballad-style rhyming scheme by using ABCB. There are 8 syllables in the first three lines of each stanza and the last being 4 syllables. This shows us that the first three lines are longer than the last line which is a quick paced sentence. This poem being a folk ballad, there is a story in a song and has 4-6 lines in each stanza. Keats also used melancholy as a base theme for the knight as before he met the lady, he was depressed and even after meeting the lady, he is shown as being more depressed and lonelier. Keats shows this distress by the repetition of alone in the first and the last stanza which shows he was distressed and still is distressed after falling in love with a mystical woman. All the poems share some common characteristics of the theme of love, hate and jealousy. They are pre 19th poems which were likely to include these themes in the poem to gain readers interest. There are some similarities between the poems. All of them include some sort of romance between the man and the woman but most of them are mystical, mythical or unrealistic or they involve some of the characters to be lonely. Most of the poems also include references to aristocracy. The main key reference is to death. All the poems include death in some form. The poets all use symbolism within their poems by using colour or natural imagery. On the other hand, they also have differences between all the five poems. The titles of the poems refer to a character in the poem such as My Last Duchess being the duchess in the poem, The Highway Man being the highway man itself. Jealousy is involved in all the poems other than La Belle Dame Sans Merci as there are two people involved and there is no hate but a mystical character takes the life of a real person. Finally, two of the poems are monologues and the other three poems are ballads. My favourite poem was The Highway Man because it was a tragic story in a poem and being a ballad its meant to be sung. It is livelier if you are listening to the ballad of this poem being sung. It was a theme based on sacrifice and immense love that the two lovers would give their life away to save the other. There is a solemn understanding between the characters until the third person who is jealous comes in to their peaceful lives to disrupt them and at this extent to have them killed as he was in love with the highway mans wife. Alfred Noyes uses the typical structure of setting the scene, introducing the characters, the plot and then the ending. The characters also match with the period as in the pre 19th century, the highway men were seen as romantic figures, bold and dressed formally. The poem I disliked was The Lady of Shalott by Alfred Tennyson. I disliked this poem because the poem is really unrealistic and now in modern days, no one believes in curses as much as they do in ghosts. They would rather agree with the knight that he was talking to a unknown lady than to agree with someone getting cursed and then therefore they can only see the town in the mirrors reflection. It is more like a fairy tale than a poem thats in a ballad form.

Adidass Strategy

Adidass Strategy Free Online Research Papers What is adidass corporate strategy? â€Å"To lead the sporting goods industry with brands built on a passion for sports and a sporting lifestyle. To provide athletes with the best possible equipment to optimize their performance. Leveraging opportunities across their brand portfolio 1.Market penetration – gaining market share across all markets in which they compete 2.Market development – expanding into new markets and addressing new consumer segments To have a leading market positions in all regions where we compete. Leading though innovation and design Customizing distribution 1.Mono-branded stores run by retail partners 2.Shop-in-shops that Adidas establish with their key accounts 3.Joint ventures with their retail partners 4.Co-branded stores with sports organizations or other brands Creating shareholder value† Was there a common strategic approach used in managing the companys lineup of sporting goods businesses prior to its 2005–2006 restructuring? No, Adidas was trying to regain the number one position within the sporting goods industry by investing in many different areas of sporting goods. â€Å"Adidas’s 1998 acquisition of Salomon had several businesses that adidas’s management viewed as attractive-its Salomon ski division was the leading producer of ski equipment: TaylorMade Golf was the second-largest seller of golf equipment; and Mavic was the leading producer of high-performance bicycle wheels and rims.† Adidas was not focused on athletic footwear and started selling bike wheels and rims that had nothing in common with their main business of athletes’ footwear. Also the ski division was out of line with their many main business goals and strategies. Has the corporate strategy changed with restructuring? Yes, Adidas sold the divisions that were not inline with their main strategy or didn’t have noting in common with their main business. â€Å"Adidas announced near the end of its second quarter 2005 that it would divest its winter sports brands and Mavic bicycle components before the end of the year.† Adidas started focusing on its main business strategies and divisions that were in common with the strategies. â€Å"Adidas’s October 2005 announcement that it would acquire Reebok International Ltd for three point eight billion was the final component of a restructuring initiative that would focus the company’s business lineup primarily on athletic footwear and apparel and golf equipment by 2006.† With the restructuring and acquisition of Reebok the company strategy has changed. The new Adidas will start focusing on their core business strengths in the athletic footwear and apparel business. The combined companies will offer the spectrum of their product mix to gain a greater combined market share. â€Å"The brand adidas will continue to have a clear focus on sport performance and will highlight team sports, while brand Reebok will be positioned as a fitness oriented, sports-lifestyle brand with the focus on individual performance. The positioning will also be reflected in the distinct brand communication to reach different consumers.† What is your evaluation of adidass 1998 acquisition of Salomon SA? Adidas should have not acquired Salomon SA since they did not have the knowledge to run the division and it made adidas to diverse. â€Å"A Merrill Lynch analyst suggested that the Salomon acquisition might prove troublesome for adidas since other athletic shoe companies had dabbled in the hard goods segment, but they have been unsuccessful to date in making inroads.† By adidas becoming too diverse, they were unable to capitalize on any value chains and unable to cross promote their products. The acquisition did give adidas more market share â€Å"Adidas’s 1.5 billion acquisition of Salomon allowed it to surpass Reebok to become the world’s second-largest sporting goods company† This was not a good business decision because adidas already owned Reebok and just because they gain market share showed that the end result would not be profitable (bigger is not always better). Did the acquisition achieve the Robert Louis-Dreyfuss objective of putting together the best portfolio of sports brands in the world? NO. Louis-Dreyfus used 100 percent debt financing to create adidas-Salomon thinking that the new business units would boost adidas’s pretax profit by 20-25 percent, however, Louis-Dreyfus’s projections never materialized. In 2000 Louis-Dreyfus resigned since his objective failed. What does a 9-cell industry attractiveness/business strength matrix displaying adidas-Salomons business units look like? A 9-cell industry attractiveness/business strength matrix for the time would have showed that the combination of adidas and Salomon AS would not be a good fit. Adidas brought to the deal a company that had underestimated the competitor (Nike), falling to the eighth position of athletic footwear market within the United States. Their was no competitive advantage for adidas within an maturing industry. Both adidas and Salomon had challenges within their industries that were not fix or address before or during the merger. Did adidass business lineup prior to the divestiture of Salomon and Mavic exhibit good strategic fit? No, at first it looks like a very good fit since both companies are in the sporting goods industry and having well known brand names. Both of them have strong apparel lines and having presence in similar geographical regions. However, it’s obvious that the hard-goods categories of Salomon and Mavic would not create synergies with the apparel and footwear industries of adidas. Skill transfers between the businesses would have been a problem to because each business was so different. What value-chain match ups existed? Adida’s knowledge in the apparel and footwear industries were a good match up for running TaylorMade, Salomon, etc. footwear and apparel lines. What opportunities for skills transfer, cost sharing, or brand sharing were evident? Adidas should have gain more bargaining power that should have resulted in cost savings for all the companies. Advertising cost could have been shared since all the companies are in the sporting goods industry. TaylorMade can use adidas’s apparel and footwear manufacturing strengths to its advantage to come up with more apparel and footwear products to increase its market share. Cost reduction learned from adidas could be used at TaylorMade to save money. What strategic fits will be possible once Reebok International is acquired? Reebok will give adidas’s company the ability to position adidas as a technologically superior shoe designed for athletes and adidas can then focus on the high-end of the markets. Reebok would be positioned as leisure shoes that would sell at middle price points. Adidas can keep endorsement contracts with respected athletes and Reebok’s endorsements would be from more edgy celebrities. This is a great strategic fit since both companies are in the same line of business, but in different segments of the market and so they compliment each other. Another great fits is that Reebok would keep its CEO to lead Reebok after the acquisition so both companies will have the management that knows how to run their part of the business. Did adidass business lineup exhibit good resource fit between 1998 and 2004? No, because the businesses were too different in order to gain any economies of scale from combined production. Management skills and employee skills could not be moved from one company to the other without retraining. What were the financial characteristics of each of three major segments? Exhibit 5 Adidas 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 Net Sales 80% 79% 78% 79% 80% 83% 85% Gross profit 75% 71% 71% 71% 75% 82% 86% Operating profit 88% 78% 75% 74% 79% 87% 94% Salomon 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 Net Sales 10% 10% 10% 12% 12% 11% 10% Gross profit 8.47% 9% 10% 12% 12% 10% 9% Operating profit 2% 7% 9% 13% 12% 6% 1% TaylorMade 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 Net Sales 10% 10% 11% 9% 8% 6% 5% Gross profit 9.74% 10% 12% 11% 4% 7% 6% Operating profit 10% 14% 16% 13% 9% 6% 5% Salomon was far behind Adidas and TaylorMade with operating profit declining from 2002. As of 2004 Salomon is getting to the point where it is just able to cover expenses. Which businesses might have been considered cash hogs and cash cows? Adidas is the cash cow with 75% gross profit. Solomon is the cash hog with only 9% operating profits then TaylorMade is the second cash hog How did adidas-Salomons performance vary by geographic region? On average from 1998 2004 Europe with 51% of adidas’s sales Asian with 16% of adidas’s sales Latin American with 3% of adidas’s sales Based on your analysis of adidas-Salomon businesses, did the 2005 restructuring make sense? Yes It allowed adidas to focus back on its core business of athletic footwear and apparel. At also allowed adidas to get rid of businesses that it was unable to manage. Does it appear the acquisition of Reebok International will produce positive results for shareholders? Yes, since adidas sales has gained more market share in china, overtaking Nike within that business region. What strategic actions should adidas CEO Herbert Hainer initiate to improve the companys financial and market performance now that the restructuring is nearing completion? Grow in other location out side of Europe. Adidas must increase market share in North America. Either sell or get the Salomon’s division more profitable. Focus on getting more business within the basketball area’s were Nike is slam dunking them at the hoops. Work Cited adidas-group.com/en/investor/strategy/default.asp Crafting and Executing Strategy: The Quest for Competitive Advantage- Concepts and Cases, 15th ed., by Arthur A. Thompson Jr, A. J. Strickland III, and John E. Gamble (New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2007). Crafting and Executing Strategy: The Quest for Competitive Advantage- Concepts and Cases, 15th ed., by Arthur A. Thompson Jr, A. J. Strickland III, and John E. Gamble (New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2007). Crafting and Executing Strategy: The Quest for Competitive Advantage- Concepts and Cases, 15th ed., by Arthur A. Thompson Jr, A. J. Strickland III, and John E. Gamble (New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2007). businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/aug2005/nf2005088_0844_db008.htm Crafting and Executing Strategy: The Quest for Competitive Advantage- Concepts and Cases, 15th ed., by Arthur A. Thompson Jr, A. J. Strickland III, and John E. Gamble (New York: Mc Graw-Hill/Irwin, 2007). Crafting and Executing Strategy: The Quest for Competitive Advantage- Concepts and Cases, 15th ed., by Arthur A. Thompson Jr, A. J. Strickland III, and John E. Gamble (New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2007). Research Papers on Adidas's StrategyAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductOpen Architechture a white paperDefinition of Export QuotasBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfPETSTEL analysis of IndiaIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalThe Project Managment Office SystemTwilight of the UAWRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and